Gevey auxillary and irregular verbs

The verbs 'ën' and 'êen', which can both be translated as to be, are highly irregular. The main use of the verbs are to act as a copula, though they also has a number of other, idiomatic uses. Note that theese verbs never takes account of their subject's number, but do take account of the subject's status. Other copula verbs ('bekan', 'sekan') are entirely regular in their formation.

The auxiliary verbs 'sen' and 'ben' are also irregular in their formation, though unlike 'ën' they do take into account their subject's number as well as status.

Conjugating the verbs 'ën', 'êen', 'sen' and 'ben'

Tense Subject Equative and auxiliary verb conjugation
equative ën equative êen incidental sen stative ben
Future ke rje rjee sane bene
ka rja rjaa sana bena
ko rjo rjoo sano beno
ku rju rjuu sanu benu
mek rje rjee sanje benje
mak rja rjaa sanja benja
mok rjo rjoo sanjo benjo
muk rju rjuu sanju benju
êljs rje rjee sanee benee
âljs rja rjaa sanae benae
ôljs rjo rjoo sanoe benoe
ûljs rju rjuu sanuu benuu
 
Present ke ë êe se be
ka ä âa sa ba
ko ö ôo so bo
ku ü ûu su bu
mek ë êe ce bye
mak ä âa ca bya
mok ö ôo co byo
muk ü ûu cu byu
êljs ë êe see bee
âljs ä âa sae bae
ôljs ö ôo soe boe
ûljs ü ûu suu buu
 
Past ke fe vde sede bede
ka fa vda seda beda
ko fo vdo sedo bedo
ku fu vdu sedu bedu
mek fe vde sedxe bedxe
mak fa vda sedxa bedxa
mok fo vdo sedxo bedxo
muk fu vdu sedxu bedxu
êljs fe vde sedee bedee
âljs fa vda sedae bedae
ôljs fo vdo sedoe bedoe
ûljs fu vdu seduu beduu
 
Historic ke tje êhe sedje bedje
ka tja êha sedja bedja
ko tjo êho sedjo bedjo
ku tju êhuu sedju bedju
mek tje êhe sedjye bedjye
mak tja êha sedjya bedjya
mok tjo êho sedjyo bedjyo
muk tju êhuu sedjyu bedjyu
êljs tje êhe sedjee bedjee
âljs tja êha sedjae bedjae
ôljs tjo êho sedjoe bedjoe
ûljs tju êhuu sedjuu bedjuu

The secondary verb formations for these verbs are also irregular. Note that the auxiliary verbs 'sen' and 'ben' do not have any secondary verb designs, as they are never encountered as verbs in their own right, but only as auxillary verbs. They do have participle forms, which are only used in relative clauses.

rou ran sou bou rao ron sao bao roi rin soi boi ën êen [sen] [ben] ëk êek ëlta êelta äirje îirje
Secondary design copula ën copula êen incidental sen stative ben
Primary participle rou ran sou bou
Secondary participle rao ron sao bao
Tertiary participle roi rin soi boi
 
Infinitive design ën êen [sen] [ben]
Imperative design ëk êek - -
Anominate design ëlta êelta - -
Subsidiary design äirje îirje - -

One further irregular verb needs to be mentioned at this point. 'gven' is a word which can be roughly translated as do. It is used to demonstrate that the action in a clause is the same action as already given in the preceeding clause. It is never used with auxiliary verbs, and is never used as an auxilliary verb, as its whole purpose is to replace the previous clause's verb.

Conjugating the verb gven

Tense Subject Conjugation type
primary A type secondary O type tertiary I type
Future ke gvene gvone gvine
ka gvena gvona gvina
ko gveno gvono gvino
ku gvenuu gvonuu gvinuu
mek gvenje gvonje gvinje
mak gvenja gvonja gvinja
mok gvenjo gvonjo gvinjo
muk gvenjuu gvonjuu gvinjuu
êljs gvenee gvonee gvinee
âljs gvenae gvonae gvinae
ôljs gvenoe gvonoe gvinoe
ûljs gvenuu gvonuu gvinuu
 
Present ke gvese gvose gvise
ka gvesa gvosa gvisa
ko gveso gvoso gviso
ku gvesu gvosu gvisu
mek gveshe gvoshe gvishe
mak gvesha gvosha gvisha
mok gvesho gvosho gvisho
muk gvecu gvocu gvicu
êljs gvesee gvosee gvisee
âljs gvesae gvosae gvisae
ôljs gvesoe gvosoe gvisoe
ûljs gvesuu gvosuu gvisuu
 
Past ke gvede gvode gvide
ka gveda gvoda gvida
ko gvedo gvodo gvido
ku gvedu gvodu gvidu
mek gvedxe gvodxe gvidxe
mak gvedxa gvodxa gvidxa
mok gvedxo gvodxo gvidxo
muk gvedxu gvodxu gvidxu
êljs gvedee gvodee gvidee
âljs gvedae gvodae gvidae
ôljs gvedoe gvodoe gvidoe
ûljs gveduu gvoduu gviduu
 
Historic ke gvedje gvodje gvidje
ka gvedja gvodja gvidja
ko gvedjo gvodjo gvidjo
ku gvedju gvodju gvidju
mek gvedjye gvodjye gvidjye
mak gvedjya gvodjya gvidjya
mok gvedjyo gvodjyo gvidjyo
muk gvedjyu gvodjyu gvidjyu
êljs gvedjee gvodjee gvidjee
âljs gvedjae gvodjae gvidjae
ôljs gvedjoe gvodjoe gvidjoe
ûljs gvedjuu jgvodhuu gvidhuu

This page was last updated on Tecunuuntuu-20, 527: Salhkuu-93 Gevile